Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Volume 55, November 2009, pp. 7-13
School of Environment and Natural Resource Sciences, Faculty Science and Technology, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, 43600 Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
*e-mail: dr.zani@pkrisc.cc.ukm.my
Abstract— The hydrological evaluation of the seven Tasik Chini feeder rivers was carried out between October and December 2004, February, March and April 2005, to assess the total stream flows for maintaining the Tasik Chini to its level. Total of nine sampling stations were established in this study, namely: Datang River, Cenahan River, Hilir Gumum River, Mid Gumum River, Kura-kura River, Melai River, Hilir Kuala Merupuk River, Hulu Kuala Merupuk River, and Jemberau River. The annual rainfall in the study area ranges from 1488 to 3071 mm or 124 to 256 mm/month. Stream flow rate during the sampling days ranged from 0.033 to 0.908 m3/sec during wet season and from 0.004 to 0.245 m3/sec during dry season and an average of 0.167 m3/sec. Estimated water balance from historical data indicates that Tasik Chini experienced six months of water deficit (29-77 mm) and another six months of surplus (30-305 mm). Water quality analysis based on three water quality parameters – turbidity (4.67 – 28.67 NTU), total suspended solids (1.17 – 79.11 mg/L) and total dissolved solids (22.67 – 184 mg/L) indicates that the water bodies in the upstream area were polluted by physical activities. Recent activities such as mining, deforestation, agricultural and residential activities have taken place in the surrounding areas of the lake. These activities are causing environmentally degradation such as changing of hydrological characteristics of the Tasik Chini.
Keywords: Tasik Chini, feeder river, stream flow, total suspended solids, environment
Abstrak— Pengiraan hidrologi ke atas tujuh buah sungai pembekal ke Tasik Chini telah dijalankan diantara Oktober sehingga Disember 2004, Februari, Mac dan April 2005 untuk menilai jumlah air larian untuk mengekalkan paras Tasik Chini. Sejumlah sembilan stesen persampelan telah dipilih dalam kajian ini, iaitu: Sungai Datang, Sg. Cenahan, hilir Sg. Gumum, tengah Sg. Gumum, Sg. Kura-kura, Sg. Melai, hilir Sg. Kulala Merapuk, hulu Sg. Kula Merapuk dan Sg. Jemberau. Jumlah hujan tahunan dalam kawasan kajian berjulat dari 1488 sehingga 3071 mm atau 124 sehingga 256 mm/bulan. Kadar larian air sepanjang hari pensampelan berjulat dari 0.033 sehingga 0.908 m3/saat semasa musim hujan dan dari 0.004 sehingga 0.245 m3/saat semasa musim kering atau mempunyai nilai purata 0.167 m3/saat. Anggaran imbangan air daripada rekod hidrologi mendapati bahawa Tasik Chini mengalami enam bulan defisit air (29-77mm) dan enam bulan yang lain mengalami lebihan air (30-305 mm). Analisis kualiti air berdasarka tiga parameter kualiti air seperti turbiditi, Jumlah Pepejal Terampai dan Jumlah Pepejal Terlarut telah dapat dibuktikan bahawa jasad air di kawasan hulu telah tercemar oleh beberapa kegiatan fizikal. Hasil kajian menunjukkan, Jumlah Pepejal Terlarut berjulat dari 22.67 sehingga 184 mg/L, Jumlah Pepejal Terampai (1.17 – 79.11 mg/L) dan turbiditi (4.67 – 28.67 NTU). Kegiatan terkini seperti perlombongan, pembalakan, pertanian dan penempatan dikenal pasti berlaku disekeliling kawasan tasik. Aktiviti-aktiviti ini telah menyebabkan berlakunya kemerosotan sekitaran terutama yang melibatkan perubahan ciri dan sifat hidrologi kawasan Tasik Chini.
Kata kekunci: Tasik Chini, sungai pembekal, luahan, jumlah pepejal terampai, sekitaran
https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm55200902
