Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Volume 53, June 2007, pp. 75 – 80
Department of Geology, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Abstract: The Kelantan State coast at Kuala Kemasin is fronted by sandy beaches that extend northwestward, and southeastward, from breakwaters constructed on both sides of the estuary between 1989 and 1991. Aerial photographs flown over the area in 1948, 1949, 1952, 1966, 1974, 1978 and 1983 show that there have been several pre-breakwater (past) coastal changes, mainly involving variations in the size of sand spits on both sides of the then unprotected estuary. These changes are due to the predominantly northwest directed littoral drift here which results from the oblique approach of swell and storm waves from the South China Sea. Satellite imagery between 1990 and 2005 as well as aerial photographs flown in 1995, and field surveys in May 2005 and March 2006 show that the northwest directed littoral drift has continued to impact the area; there being accretion of beach sediments (and shoreline advance) on the south side of the estuary, but erosion (and shoreline retreat) on the north side. Rates of shoreline advance and retreat are relatively low, in the order of a meter or so per year, though erosion already now threatens several wooden houses and agricultural land on the north side of Kuala Kemasin. In view of the continued prevailing northwest directed littoral drift, it is concluded that there will continue to be accretion of beach sediments on the south side of the Kuala Kemasin estuary, but erosion on its north side.
https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm53200712
Abstrak: Pantai negeri Kelantan di kawasan Kuala Kemasin dibanjari oleh pantai berpasir yang menganjur ke timur laut dan tenggara dari benting pemecah ombak yang dibina di kedua belah bahagian muara di antara tahun 1989 sehingga 1991. Gambar-gambar foto udara kawasan ini bagi tahun 1948, 1949, 1952, 1966, 1974, 1978 dan 1983 menunjukkan terdapatnya beberapa perubahan pantai pra-benting pemecah ombak (lampau), terutamanya variasi dari segi saiz beting-beting pasir di kedua-dua belah muara sebelum ia dilindungi. Perubahan pantai ini adalah disebabkan oleh arus hanyutan pesisir yang menganjur terutamanya ke timur laut dan terhasil akibat hempapan ‘swell’ dan ombak ribut secara menyilang dari Laut China Selatan. Imej satelit antara tahun 1980 dan 2005, serta gambar foto udara pada 1995 dan tinjauan lapangan pada bulan Mei 2005 dan Mac 2006 menunjukkan arus hanyutan pesisir timur laut terus menghempap kawasan ini, terbukti dengan penokokan sedimen pantai (dengan pengunjuran garis pantai) di kawasan selatan dari muara, manakala hakisan (dan pengunduran garis pantai) terjadi di kawasan utara. Kadar pengunjuran dan pengunduran garis pantai secara relatifnya adalah rendah di dalam skala satu meter setahun, walaubagaimanpun hakisan sedang mengancam beberapa rumah kayu dan tanah pertanian di utara Kuala Kemasin. Berdasarkan penerusan proses hanyutan pesisir dari timur laut ini, adalah dirumuskan bahawa akan terjadi penerusan penokokan sedimen pantai di bahagian selatan muara Kuala Kemasin dan penerusan hakisan di bahagian utara.
