Distribution of vegetation in present day wetlands: some applications in geoscience

702001-100642-450-B
Author : Azmi Mohd Yakzan
Publication : Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia
Page : 271-275
Volume Number : 46
Year : 2003
DOI : https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm46200344

Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Volume 46, May 2003, pp. 271 – 275

 

Distribution of vegetation in present day wetlands: some applications in geosciences

AZMI MOHD YAKZAN

PETRONAS Research & Scientific Services Sdn. Bhd., Bangi, Selangor

 

Abstract: Wetland vegetation occupies several unique habitats that are host for diverse flora and fauna. In this region, some of the common wetland habitats are freshwater swamp, mangrove, Nipa swamp and peat swamp. Some plants have developed adaptation such as special breathing root systems, a means to reduce excessive salinity, and mechanism to ensure successful propagation of young seedlings, to name a few.

Wetlands have important natural functions such as regulating flood flow, supply of water to reservoirs during dry season, filter pollutants from air and water, and breeding grounds for some marine live. Some wetland plants produce large quantities of pollen that become well preserved in fine-grained rocks. In this manner, the records of past vegetation history may be uncovered by retrieving the fossil pollen from the rocks. Based on these principles, records of fossil pollen have often been used to solve certain stratigraphic and geological issues.

The main aim of this paper is to demonstrate the vegetation distribution and pollen records from some selected present day wetland habitats in Malaysia and Borneo. Some applications of wetland~derived fossil pollen records in geosciences are briefly discussed.

Abstrak: Kawasan tumbuhan paya merangkumi beberapa habitat unik yang menjadi perumah kepada pelbagai flora dan fauna. Di rantau ini, beberapa habitat yang biasa ditemui adalah seperti paya air tawar, paya bakau, paya nipah dan paya gambut. Sesetengah tumbuh-tumbuhan ini telah mengalami perubahan adaptasi (penyesuaian) seperti sistem pernafasan akar yang khusus, sistem untuk mengurangkan lebihan garam/kemasinan dan mekanisme yang menjamin kejayaan pembiakan biji benih.

Kawasan paya memainkan fungsi semulajadi yang penting seperti mengawal aliran banjir, menjadi sumber air bagi takungan ketika musim kering, menapis bahan cemar dari air dan udara dan menjadi tempat pembiakan untuk sebahagian hidupan laut. Terdapat tumbuh-tumbuhan kawasan paya ini yang menghasilkan sejumlah debunga yang terawet di dalam batuan berbutir halus. Dengan itu, rekod mengenai sejarah tumbuh-tumbuhan masa lampau dapat diketahui dengan memperolehi fosil debunga dari batuan tersebut. Berdasarkan kepada prinsip-prinsip ini, rekod fosil debunga kerap kali digunakan untuk menyelesaikan isu-isu stratigrafi dan geologi.

Kajian ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan taburan tumbuhan dan rekod debunga dari beberapa habitat kawasan paya masa kini yang terdapat di Malaysia dan Borneo. Beberapa kegunaan/aplikasi dalam geosains hasil dari fosil debunga kawasan paya juga dibincangkan secara ringkas.

https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm46200344


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