Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Volume 71, May 2021, pp. 139 – 147
Norazif Anuar Hasni1,2,*, Nur Shafiqah Shahman1,2, Jasmi Ab Talib2, Deva Prasad Ghosh1
1 Center of Excellence in Subsurface Seismic Imaging & Hydrocarbon Prediction (CSI), Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
2 Department of Geosciences, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, 32610 Bandar Seri Iskandar, Perak Darul Ridzuan, Malaysia
* Corresponding author email address: norazif_17008600@utp.edu.my
Abstract: Sedimentary rock deposition occur in very fast rates in offshore basin and might cause shallow subsurface geohazards that will incur high risk and increase cost of drilling operations. In general, offshore geohazards consist of a variety of geological features that contribute potential risks to the labour force, offshore amenities including the environment and surrounding areas due to the consequences of long or short period of geological processes. Therefore, further study need to be done properly in terms of geohazards classification that is significant to the offshore oil and gas developments in the Malay Basin (Bujang Field, refer Figure 1); such as shallow gas, gas hydrate, shallow water flow, slumping, landslides, faulting, pockmarks and liquefaction. To mitigate the point of costly drilling and safety risks, several techniques are needed during data gathering to visualize, interpret and identify the potential shallow drilling hazards. Besides, to a geoscientist, data integration and modelling techniques can be used to analyse the structural and physical circumstances of shallow subsurface. At the same time, gas models and geohazards map can be established based on seabed hazard analysis from seismic data to plan secure wells. Several seismic attributes such as instantaneous phase, instantaneous frequency, remove bias and envelope (reflection strength) had been used for channel detection. For gas cloud identification, seismic attributes such as remove bias, instantaneous phase, Chaos and RMS (Root Mean Square) amplitude are used. Besides that, spectral decomposition technique are used to display channel systems and other stratigraphic features in the field. Generally, this paper will explain about the meaning of geohazards in the oil and gas industry, the types of geohazards, general geohazards analysis, and will focuss on the identification of gas cloud through channel structure by applying several seismic attributes on specific parameters. All of this will be related to geohazards perspective and consequently, precautions can be undertaken systematically.
Keywords: Geohazards, gas cloud, shallow gas, gas hydrate, shallow water flow
DOI: https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm71202112
