Bulletin of the Geological Society of Malaysia, Volume 81, May 2026, pp. 117 – 128
Pemantauan dinamik tektonik dan analisis pergerakan sesar aktif di Ranau, Sabah, Malaysia
(Monitoring of tectonic dynamics and analysis of active fault movement in Ranau, Sabah, Malaysia)
Bailon Golutin1, Ismail Abd Rahim2
1Jabatan Mineral dan Geosains Malaysia, Beg Berkunci 2042, 88999 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
2Fakulti Sains dan Sumber Alam, UMS, 88400 Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia
*Alamat emel perhubungan: bailongolutin@gmail.com
Abstrak: Kejadian gempa bumi sederhana hingga kuat di Ranau pada tahun 1966, 1991, dan 2015, serta aktiviti seismik yang tinggi, menunjukkan kehadiran garisan sesar aktif di kawasan ini. Pada tahun 2018, Jabatan Mineral dan Geosains Malaysia (JMG) telah memasang 31 monumen Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) di Ranau dan memulakan pemantauan sistematik pada tahun 2019. Analisis ini menggunakan data yang dikumpul sehingga tahun 2024. Hasil pemantauan GNSS menunjukkan bahawa pergerakan mendatar kerak bumi adalah 3 mm/tahun hingga 14 mm/tahun, iaitu dominan ke arah NW dan barat, manakala pergerakan menegak direkodkan antara -10 mm/tahun (menurun) hingga +12 mm/tahun (menaik). Perubahan ini dipercayai berkait rapat dengan proses pengangkatan Gunung Kinabalu, yang dipengaruhi oleh interaksi antara palung NW Borneo dan palung NE Borneo. Data GNSS turut menunjukkan bahawa kerak bumi di kawasan Ranau yang bergerak secara relatif ke arah barat adalah didorong oleh pergerakan Plat Filipina ke arah WNW, yang memberi kesan signifikan terhadap pergerakan kerak bumi di kawasan Ranau.
Katakunci: Plat tektonik, gempa bumi, sesar aktif, kerak bumi, GNSS, Ranau, Sabah
Abstract: The occurrence of moderate to strong earthquakes in Ranau in 1966, 1991, and 2015, along with high seismic activity, indicates the presence of an active fault line in the area. In 2018, the Department of Mineral and Geoscience Malaysia (JMG) installed 31 Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) monuments in Ranau and initiated systematic monitoring in 2019. This analysis uses data collected up to 2024. GNSS monitoring results show that the horizontal crustal movement ranges from 3 mm/year to 14 mm/year, predominantly towards the northwest and west, while vertical movement ranges from -10 mm/year (downward) to +12 mm/year (uplift). These changes are believed to be closely related to the uplift process of Mount Kinabalu, influenced by the interaction between the NW Borneo trough and the NE Borneo trough. GNSS data also indicate that the westward relative movement of the crust in the Ranau area is driven by the WNW movement of the Philippine Plate, significantly impacting the crustal movement in the Ranau region.
Keywords: Tectonic plate, earthquake, active fault, crust, GNSS, Ranau, Sabah
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Manuscript received 2 January 2025;
Received in revised form 16 February 2025;
Accepted 21 March 2025
Available online 29 May 2026
https://doi.org/10.7186/bgsm81202610
0126-6187; 2637-109X / Published by the Geological Society of Malaysia.
© 2026 by the Author(s). This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY) License 4.0.
